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TOPIC 6: GEOMETRY | MATHEMATICS FORM 1

Points and Lines

The Concept of a Point
Explain the concept of a point
point – is a smallest geometric figure which gives a position of object in a plane
A line segment – is a straight line joining two points in a plane
The Concept of a Point to Draw a Line
Extend the concept of a point to draw a line
A line segment – is a straight line joining two points in a plane
A line passing through two points e.g A and B and extends without end (i.e infinitely) in both directions is denoted by
The Difference Between a Line, a Line Segment and a Ray
Distinguish between a line, a line segment and a ray
A
ray – is a line starting from a point, say A and pass through a point,
say B and extends without end in one direction.It is denoted by
A Circle
Draw a circle
To make a circle: Draw a curve that is “radius” away from a central point.
And so:All points are the same distance from the center.
You
can draw it yourself:Put a pin in a board, put a loop of string around
it, and insert a pencil into the loop. Keep the string stretched and
draw the circle!
Different Parts of a Circle
Describe different parts of a circle
Theradiusof the circle is a straight line drawn from the center to theboundaryline or the circumference. The plural of the word radius isradii.
Thediameteris the line crossing the circle and passing through the center. It is the twice of the length of the radius.
Thecircumferenceof a circle is theboundaryline or theperimeterof the circle.
Anarcis a part of thecircumferencebetween two points or acontinuouspiece of a circle. The shorter arc betweenandis called theminor arc. The longer arc betweenandis called themajor arc.
Thechordis
a straight line joining two points on thecircumferencepoints of a
circle. The diameter is a special kind of the chord passing through the
center.
Asemi-circleis an arc which is half of thecircumference.
Atangentis a straight line which touches the circle. It does not cut thecircumference. The point at which it touches, is called thepoint of contact.
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